人造板游离甲醛释放量测定的主要影响因素的研究

试验表明，人造板在存放过程中，板材的游离甲醛释放量逐渐下降并趋于稳定。在测定中的萃取时间、样品大小、甲苯的重复使用对测定结果都有一定的影响。     

乳化剂对4.5%高效氯氰菊酯水乳剂 物理稳定性的影响

以4.5%高效氯氰菊酯水乳剂为研究对象,探讨了乳化剂的种类、用量、亲水亲油平衡值(HLB值)和结构对水乳剂物理稳定性的影响。结果表明:当乳化剂种类选定后,在一定用量范围内,水乳剂的粒径随着乳化剂用量的增加而变小,粒径分布范围变窄,稳定性增强,粒径大小可作为筛选乳化剂最佳用量的指标;乳化剂的HLB值与水乳剂的粒径及粒径分布范围关系密切;乳化剂的结构和水乳剂的乳液抗聚并性存在相关性,适当增加亲油性的饱和碳链长度,有助于提高水乳剂的乳液抗聚并性,进而获得稳定的水乳剂配方。     

初始含水率对SiO2溶胶在两种木材中渗透性的影响

采用两种粒径（30 nm和150 nm）的SiO2溶胶真空浸渍不同含水率（绝干、气干、调湿）的欧洲赤松和南方松边材,比较其24 h内吸液率变化规律和24 h增重率,并通过质量法分析硅溶胶处理材轴向SiO2的浓度梯度,从而考察处理材的初始含水率对SiO2溶胶在木材中渗透性的影响。研究结果表明：（1）两种木材均在绝干状态下吸液率最低,30 nm硅溶胶在气干状态下吸液率最高,而150 nm硅溶胶在调湿状态下吸液率最高。（2）初始含水率对增重率的影响与吸液率不同,30 nm硅溶胶在调湿状态下浸渍木材的增重率低于绝干状态,欧洲赤松气干状态的增重率最高。（3）初始含水率对试材中整体SiO2量的影响与增重率结果基本一致,欧洲赤松中SiO2轴向分布梯度远高于南方松,其渗透的均匀性较差。     

再生聚丙烯与木刨花复合材料的密度和木塑比对复合材料主要性能的影响

研究了用异氰酸酯树脂为胶粘剂,木材刨花与回收聚丙烯为主要材料的复合材料的主要力学性能和尺寸稳定性。结果表明,密度对复合材料的性能有很大的影响,密度越大,力学强度越高,吸水厚度膨胀率基本越低;木塑配比对复合材料的力学性能有一定的影响,力学性能均随着配比的增加呈现不同程度的下降趋势;配比对吸水厚度膨胀率影响明显,配比越大,吸水厚度膨胀率越低,且密度大时,影响就越显著。     

面向安全服务重组多目标优化的粒子群遗传算法

遗传算法具有快速随机的全局搜索能力,但局部搜索能力差,易陷入早熟收敛,迭代效率低.粒子群算法采用速度——位置模型,可以较快收敛到指定精度.将粒子群算法与遗传算法融合,采用多目标遗传算法得出初步的优化结果,并将其作为粒子,利用粒子群算法强化局部搜索,加快收敛速度,仿真结果证明了该算法的优越性.在CSSM对底层安全服务的重组时利用粒子群和遗传算法的结合(GAPSO),能够提高效率.     

Effect of particle shape on linear expansion of particleboard

Hinoki (Japanese cypress) strand with 0.6mm thickness was hammer-milled to prepare three types of particles that had the same thickness but different lengths and widths. Screen analysis and image analysis were conducted to evaluate the shape and distribution of the particle dimensions. Laboratory-scale particleboards were fabricated at three density levels using these particles. To determine the true effect of particle shape on the linear expansion (LE) of the board, these boards exhibited almost the same temperature behavior during pressing, the same density profile, and the same bending properties at each board density level. LE at 40°C and 90% relative humidity of the board was found to be affected by the particle shape. The board composed of small particles showed a larger LE at the same density level. It was considered that the out-of-plane orientation angle of the particles affected the LE of the boards. Thickness swelling and internal bond strength were also affected by the particle shape.Part of this report was presented at the 50th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kyoto, April 2000     

Grimm180环境颗粒物分析仪维护与故障处理

指出了锦州大气成分观测采用Grimm180在线环境颗粒物监测仪,能同时测量环境中的PM10,PM2.5和PM1,该仪器具有易于安装、操作简单、运行寿命长以及维护量少的特点。同时,Grimm180还具有自动数据备份、自动数据传输等功能。自2013年6月开始使用以来,对于雾霾等天气现象的判断识别起到重要的辅助作用。对仪器的日常维护和所出现的故障处理进行了分析和总结,以提高环境监测的效率。     

青土湖水面形成区土壤颗粒组成与化学特性变化

青土湖输水作为石羊河流域治理的一项关键措施,对保护湖区水资源和生态环境具有重要意义。在距青土湖水面边缘东南方向0-450 m的10个样点中分3层取0-60 cm土样,测定土壤粒径的质量百分比与全氮、全磷、全钾和电导率,分析青土湖水面形成后土壤颗粒组成与化学特性变化。结果表明,随着离水面边缘距离的增加,土壤颗粒与化学特性呈有规律的增减变化,土壤粘粉粒组成与其全磷、全钾之间存在正线性相关。青土湖水面形成加剧了距水面边缘0-150 m处的土壤理化性质变化;土壤细粒及养分出现富集,分别在距水面边缘100-150 m和300 m处达到最大值。因此,土壤养分与土壤细物质的良好相关性表明,土壤粘粉粒变化可作为反映该区域土壤性状变化和评价衡量水面形成后土壤恢复程度的定量指标之一。     

川西高山树线交错带海拔梯度上土壤有机碳稳定性特征

高山树线交错带是高海拔地带对环境变化最为敏感的生态系统之一，土壤有机碳库及其稳定性在生态系统变化中具有显著指示作用。通过物理-化学方法对土壤不同活性有机碳进行连续分级分离，研究土壤有机碳不同组分在海拔环境梯度下分布特征及稳定性。结果表明，高山树线交错带土壤有机碳主要集中在物理分级组分（≥0.02 mm），且粒径越大有机碳含量越高，即主要以颗粒态有机碳形式存在，占比均高于98%；在<0.02 mm有机-无机复合体中有机碳采用化学分级分离，这部分有机碳占比低于土壤总有机碳2%，且主要以腐殖质（胡敏素）形式存在（占土壤总有机碳0.6%~0.8%），腐殖质占有机碳比例远低于一般土壤；随着海拔升高，土壤有机碳总量上升，颗粒态有机碳（物理分级组分）比例升高，胡敏素类腐殖质比例下降。因此，川西高海拔树线交错带的高寒土壤有机碳，主要以不稳定有机碳（POC）形式存在，随着温度上升（海拔降低）将导致土壤矿质化和腐殖化加剧，有机碳总量下降，土壤不稳定性组分（物理分级组分）降低，土壤稳定性（腐殖化比例）上升。     

Physico‐chemical characterization and in vitro digestibility of commercial feeds used in weaning of marine fish

Six different commercial feeds used in weaning and postweaning of marine fish were analysed from the perspective of some of their main physico‐chemical features and in vitro digestibility. While the range of particle sizes in dry state closely agreed to those claimed by the producing companies, dramatic changes were observed after suspension in water. Sedimentation rates measured in some of the feeds with higher particle sizes may be too high to ensure intake by young fish. The label claims of the products overestimate the amount of total protein but underestimate that of lipids. The analysis of amino acid profiles evidenced important differences in total amino acid composition between feeds of the same company but a great similitude in the profile of free amino acids (FAA). The evaluation of leaching evidenced that the fraction of FAA, which represented <2% of dry matter of the feeds, is quickly released in water, acting mainly as attractants. The in vitro digestibility assay evidenced significant differences in the bioaccessibility of the nitrogen fraction in some of the feeds by the digestive proteases of the sea bream (Sparus aurata).